Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma in a patient with renal transplant

Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) on renal dialysis, and is associated with cancers, cardiovascular diseases and infections attributed to the usage of immunosuppressive drugs. A wide variety of cancers across a number of organs occur with substantially increased incidence after renal transplant. Most studies show that cancer risk is the greatest for viral-related malignancies. There is increased risk of native kidney malignancy among transplant recipients compared with the general population. We present a case of a 34-year-old young male patient who presented with papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) in the native kidney 5 years post-renal transplantation.