Extremely Pb-rich rock-forming silicates including a beryllian scapolite and associated minerals in a skarn from Langban, Varmland, Sweden

We report preliminary petrographic and mineral chemical data for a rock hosting an unusual mineral assemblage from Langban, Varmland, Sweden. The rock is a two feldspar-scapolite-spessartine-romeite skarn. The bulk composition and high degree of enrichment in Pb, Sb and As suggest that the rock was formed by reaction between a pre-existing Mn skarn containing the chalcophiles and a potassic granite, with loss of silica, alkalis and CO2. The alkali feldspar is a Pb-rich hyalophane, averaging Or(63)Ab(19)Cs(15)Pb(03), the plagioclase feldspar a Pb-rich labradorite, An(48)Ab(48)Or(02)Pb(02), and the scapolite a 'mizzonite' (Ca/(Na+Ca) = 0.66-0.70). These minerals show their highest Pb contents recorded in nature to date: up to a maximum of 5.7 wt.% PbO in the hyalophane, 2.1% PbO in the plagioclase, and 5.3% PbO in the scapolite. Laser ablation ICP-MS of a scapolite grain detected substantial Be up to 1.7 wt.% BeO (0.6 Be per 12 tetrahedral cations), as well as Pb up to 7.05 wt.% PbO. The Be is incorporated into scapolite via the coupled exchange [Be(OH)][Al(CO3,SO4)](-1). This is the first documentation of scapolite as the major repository for Be in a rock. The romeite also contains substantial Pb, and shows extensive solid solution towards end-members containing Fe3+, Ti and Sb3+. In some analyses, the dominant end-members are Ca-2(Fe0.53+Sb1.55+)O-6(OH) and its Pb analogue rather than (Ca,Pb)(2)Sb2O7. Complex exsolution textures are displayed in the hyalophane, by hancockite-epidote, romeite-bindheimite and hedyphane-johnbaumite. Ca-rich scapolite and hancockite appear to be new minerals for the Langban deposit. The mineralogy appears consistent with the regional peak conditions of P = 3 kbar, T > 600 degrees C. Several potential thermobarometers for Mn-rich skarns are identified in this rock.