Inferring changes in soil organic matter in post-wildfire soil burn severity levels in a temperate climate

被引:46
|
作者
Merino, Agustin [1 ]
Fonturbel, Maria T. [2 ]
Fernandez, Cristina [2 ]
Chavez-vergera, Bruno [3 ,4 ]
Garcia-Oliva, Felipe [3 ]
Vega, Jose A. [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Escuela Politecn Super, Unit Sustainable Forest Management Soil Sci & Agr, Lugo 27002, Spain
[2] Xunta Galicia, Conselleria Medio Rural, Ctr Invest Forestal Lourizan, POB 127, Pontevedra 36080, Spain
[3] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Ecosistemas & Sustentabilidad, Morelia 53090, Michoacan, Mexico
[4] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Lab Nacl Geoquim & Mineral LANGEM, Inst Geol, Dept Edafol, Ciudad De Mexico 04510, Mexico
关键词
Forest fire; Soil burn severity; SOM quality; Thermal analysis; C-13 NMR spectroscopy; NW SPAIN; BLACK CARBON; WATER REPELLENCY; FOREST-FIRE; MEDITERRANEAN FOREST; THERMAL-STABILITY; PLANT BIOMASS; EROSION; C-13; TRANSFORMATION;
D O I
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.189
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Simple, rapid and reliable methods of assessing soil burn severity (SBS) are required in order to prioritize post-fire emergency stabilization actions. SBS proxies based on visual identification and changes in soil organic matter (SOM) content and quality can be related to other soil properties in order to determine the extent to which soil is perturbed following fire. This task is addressed in the present study by an approach involving the use of differential scanning calorimetry-thermogravimetric analysis (DSC-TGA) to determine changes in SOM generated in soils subjected to different levels of SBS. Intact topsoil monoliths comprising the organic horizons and the surface mineral soil (alumic-humic umbrisols) were collected from a representative P. pinaster stand in NW Spain. The monoliths were experimentally burned in a combustion wind tunnel to simulate different fire conditions (fuel bed comprising forest pine litter and wood; air flow, 0.6 ms(-1)). Changes in OM properties in the soil organic layer and mineral soils samples (0-2 cm) at the different temperatures and SBS levels were identified. For both duff and mineral soil, the data revealed a temperature-induced increase in aromatic compounds and a concomitant decrease of carbohydrates and alkyl products. However, for a given temperature, the degree of carbonization/aromatization was lower in the mineral soil than in the duff, possibly due to the different composition of the OM and to the different combustion conditions. The low degree of aromatization of the organic matter suggests that this soil component could undergo subsequent biological degradation. SOM content and thermal recalcitrance (measured as T50) discriminated the SBS levels. Use of visual identification of SBS levels in combination with DSC-TGA enables rapid evaluation of the spatial variability of the effects of fire on SOM properties. This information is useful to predict soil degradation process and implement emergency soil stabilization techniques. (c) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:622 / 632
页数:11
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