Problems and Countermeasures of Watershed Management in China

Water resource is one of important resources of social, economic development and environmental conservation. According to the Water Law amended 2002, water administration and institution in China is one of watershed management combination with administrative regional management. Seven watersheds management organizations in China are set up under the Ministry of Water Resource, but their Power is very limited compared with administrative region, like the provinces or the municipalities located in the same watershed, because of the administrative region having more powerful and mort independency rights on water management, development, utilization and planning. On the other hand, several ministries are awarded some water administrative functions, like as State Environment Protection Administration (SEPA), Ministry of Construction (MC), State Power Company (SPC), Ministry of Communication (MOC), State Forest Bureau (SFB), Ministry of Agricultural (MOA), Ministry of Health (MOH), National Development and Planning Commission (NDPC) Some conflicts caused by the overlaps or/and intersections among the relevant departments' functions, and each does something in his own way, lead to decrease the poor efficiency of water administration. In the paper, the status and the existing problems on watershed management are discussed in general,then some countermeasures are put forward: to strengthen the power of watershed management agency,to strengthen the cooperation among the relevant departments and regions to reality the coordination management of watershed,to separate the administrative function and implementation function and so on.