Permittivity sensing and measurement with novel split ball resonator using E-field perturbation technique

A method of designing low-loss split-ball resonator (SBR) for permittivity sensing and measurement at microwave frequencies using resonant perturbation technique is being presented. SBR geometry strengthens electric field in the capacitive region by confining greater resonant energy in the split. Enhanced sensitivity by virtue of potent electric field enabled us to sense and measure permittivity of common polar solvents (methanol and ethanol). Comparative analysis, eigenmode simulations, and empirical measurements exhibited improved sensitivity of SBR. The solution of Maxwell equations for boundary conditions before and after material perturbation produce expressions, which lead to permittivity evaluation.