Becoming the parent of a preterm infant: A meta-ethnographic synthesis

Introduction The adoption of family-centred care within neonatal intensive care has been increasing in profile. However, there has been limited exploration of the concept of parenting as an occupation as a means of supporting parent engagement. Method A meta-ethnographic synthesis was conducted to explore the body of literature regarding experiences in the neonatal intensive care unit that enable parents to participate in parenting occupations. Five databases were systematically searched with 35 identified studies appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool and included in the synthesis. Findings Eight themes emerged from the synthesis: relinquishing the anticipated role of parent; feeling vulnerable and powerless; juggling roles and responsibilities; (re)claiming an alternative parental role; navigating environmental boundaries; developing partnerships with staff; coming to know the baby; and adapting to parenting. Conclusion The experiences that enable parents to participate in parenting occupations are multi-faceted, and explicate the process of occupational adaptation that occurs in relation to parenting a preterm infant. These findings provide occupational therapists with greater insight into the experiences of parents of preterm infants in the neonatal setting.