Compact Honey-Cell CSRR-based Microwave Biosensor for Monitoring Glucose Levels

In this article, we propose a planar microwave sensor that consists of four distinct hexagonal-shaped complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs) configured in the honey-cell pattern. The sensor element operating at 1.5 - 3.0 GHz is fabricated on an FR4 dielectric substrate and excited via the microstrip technology in the cm-wave hand. The proposed sensor is used as a near-field probe to detect the glucose levels in the blood mimicking aqueous solutions via tracing the frequency shift responses for tested glucose concentrations in the range 70 - 120 mg/dL. The sensor exhibits an excellent resonant frequency sensitivity that excels others in the literature. The sensor sensitivity, reliability and repeatability are demonstrated by the in-lab measurements via a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA).