Modeling of Arbitrary-Order Mutual Coupling

This paper presents, for the first time, a method of modeling mutual coupling of arbitrary order in connection with coupled circuits or antenna array elements. The modeling of mutual coupling is mainly based on the parameter extraction of equivalent circuits. By building up the equivalent circuit network of mutual coupling of low-order, the circuit model of high-order mutual coupling can be successively extracted and it can further be used for the modeling of mutual coupling of higher-order. This method is easy, fast, and successive. It can find applications of modeling mutual coupling between any circuit elements such as resonators, antennas and even tiny discontinuities, and will be eventually helpful for the analysis and iterative design of microwave circuits and antenna arrays.