Biomass production and nitrogen accumulation in pea, oat, and vetch green manure mixtures

被引:19
|
作者
Jannink, JL [1 ]
Liebman, M [1 ]
Merrick, LC [1 ]
机构
[1] UNIV MAINE, SUSTAINABLE AGR PROGRAM, ORONO, ME 04469 USA
关键词
D O I
10.2134/agronj1996.00021962008800020019x
中图分类号
S3 [农学(农艺学)];
学科分类号
0901 ;
摘要
Interest in the use of green manures has revived because of their role in improving soil quality and their beneficial N and non-N rotation effects. This study evaluated biomass production, N content, radiation interception (RI), and radiation use efficiency (RUE) of pea (Pisum sativum L.), oat (Avena sativa L.), and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) mixtures. Treatments were a three-way factorial of pea genotype ('Century' vs. 'Tipu'), pea planting density (90 vs. 224 kg ha(-1)), and cropping mixture (sole-cropped pea vs. pea planted with a mixture of oat and hairy vetch). A mixture of oat and vetch without pea was also planted. Treatments were planted in early June on a Caribou gravelly loam (coarse-loamy, mixed, frigid Typic Haplorthods) in Presque Isle, ME, in 1993 and 1994. Biomass production and radiation interception were measured by repeated sampling. Mixture biomass was affected by a year x pea density interaction: respective yields for mixtures containing low-density and high-density pea were 770 and 880 g m(-2) in 1993 vs. 820 and 730 g m(-2) in 1994. Mixture N content paralleled biomass production and averaged 20.9 g m(-2) across all treatments. While pea sole crops did not consistently produce biomass or N equal to three-species mixtures, the two-species mixture of oat and vetch did, yielding 820 g m(-2) of biomass and 21.7 g m(-2) of N, averaged over the 2 yr. Multiple regression showed that 61% of the variability in mixture biomass production was accounted for by a combination of early-season pea RI and midseason total mixture RUE. Economic analyses showed that rotations including these green manures may be economically competitive with a conventional rotation of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) undersown with clover (Trifolium spp.) in a potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production system.
引用
收藏
页码:231 / 240
页数:10
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