Theoretical investigation of non-Forster exciton transfer mechanisms in perylene diimide donor, phenylene bridge, and terrylene diimide acceptor systems

The rates of exciton transfer within dyads of perylene diimide and terrylene diimide connected by oligophenylene bridge units have been shown to deviate significantly from those of Forster's resonance energy transfer theory, according to single molecule spectroscopy experiments. The present work provides a detailed computational and theoretical study investigating the source of such a discrepancy. Electronic spectroscopy data are calculated by time-dependent density functional theory and then compared with experimental results. Electronic couplings between the exciton donor and the acceptor are estimated based on both the transition density cube method and transition dipole approximation. These results confirm that the delocalization of the exciton to the bridge parts contributes to significant enhancement of donor-acceptor electronic coupling. Mechanistic details of exciton transfer are examined by estimating the contributions of the bridge electronic states, vibrational modes of the dyads commonly coupled to both donor and acceptor, inelastic resonance energy transfer mechanism, and dark exciton states. These analyses suggest that the contribution of common vibrational modes serves as the main source of deviation from Forster's spectral overlap expression.