A Stable Clustering Scheme Considering Energy and Mobility in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks

In Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks (MWSNs), the number of leaving nodes that moves away-from the cluster head for a specific time affects the network lifetime and transmission delay. The leaving rate increases as the similarity of movement between the cluster head and their members is low. In this paper, we propose a Stable Clustering scheme considering Energy and Mobility (SCEM) to minimize the number of nodes leaving from cluster head for a specific time period. In order to minimize the leaving rate, the cluster heads are elected by depending on the weight that is calculated based on the similarity of movement, residual energy and the degree of centrality. Furthermore, each senor node decides to their parent cluster head considering the link connection time estimate based on mobility and the amount of energy required for data transmission. Results from experimental implementations have demonstrated that the proposed clustering scheme prolongs the network lifetime and reduces the number of leaving nodes.