Metabolic syndrome prevalence in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Relationship with systemic inflammation

Objectives Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is frequent in both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of MetS and the status of systemic inflammation in overlap syndrome. Methods A total of 151 consecutive COPD patients were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Spirometry and polysomnography were done in all patients. The MetS was defined according to the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation. Anthropometry, metabolic parameters and inflammatory biomarkers: IL-6, TNF-alpha, leptin, resistin and adiponectin were recorded. Results OSA was present in 19.2% COPD patients. Subjects with overlap syndrome had higher neck and waist circumference compared to those with COPD alone. Significant differences in levels of blood pressure, lipid metabolic and glucose metabolic were found between two groups with overlap and COPD, as well as inflammatory biomarkers. Prevalence of MetS was increased in overlap group. Multivariate logistic regression showed that BMI, systolic BP when fall asleep and recumbent angiotens levels as significant independent predictors of the presence of Mets in overlap syndrome. Conclusion This study shows that MetS is frequent in patients with overlap. Overlap syndrome indicates a higher cardiometabolic risk and higher levels of systemic inflammatory.