Distributed Consensus Control in an Autonomous Inverter-Based Microgrid

An autonomous microgrid must maintain the supply-demand balance at any moment, otherwise it will suffer from frequency deviation and even becomes unstable. This paper proposes a distributed consensus control algorithm for sharing the active power among multiple inverters in an autonomous microgrid. The active power is allocated to local inverters according to their available generation capacities when the microgrid is subjected to load fluctuations. The proposed distributed control algorithm only depends on information exchange among neighboring controllers. Therefore, it can be implemented without introducing an extra central controller and it exploits the sparse communication network efficiently and enhances the adaptivity and reliability. The simulation results with a modified IEEE 9-bus system demonstrate that the system can converge to the desired equilibrium point in cases of load demand fluctuation and power transmission line failure.