This article analyzes the status and features of droughts and floods disaster in Heilongjiang Province using the statistics since the 1950s and the characteristics of disaster in all different kinds of region. It is presented that the emphasis should be put in prevention and control the disasters. And it clarified droughts and floods affecting on food security issues, the people's income, and natural resources. Then it identified risk factors for disaster reduction in engineering and Non-engineering, finally to get the establishment of agricultural drought flood disaster risk management.