Scanning the issue/technology - Special issue on computational intelligence

Traditional artificial intelligence has explored the possibilities of creating programs that call compete with humans by means of heuristics, encapsulated knowledge, and symbolic logic. In contrast, computational intelligence (also sometimes described as soft computing) has explored the potential for creating intelligent machines by modeling behaviors and mechanisms that underlie biologically intelligent organisms. These efforts have focused on the use of 1) fuzzy logic, where imprecise linguistic statements are used for computation; 2) artificial neural networks, where simple models of "brains" al-e constructed to provide useful stimulus-response functions; and 3) evolutionary algorithms, where the metaphor of evolution serves as a means for seal ching for optimal solutions to complex problems. Each of these technologies is reviewed briefly. The prospects for advancing our problem-solving capabilities by hybridizing methods of computational intelligence is recognized and encouraged.