Design of novel oral ricobendazole formulation applying melting solidification printing process (MESO-PP): An innovative solvent-free alternative method for 3D printing using a simplified concept and low temperature

This paper describes a melting solidification printing process (MESO-PP) capable of obtaining printed oral solid dosage forms in a safe, versatile, and robust manner avoiding the use of solvents and high temperatures. MESOPP and Gelucire (R) 50/13 (fatty polyethylene glycol esters) as ink can be used to obtain a floating sustained release system with the aim of improving the dissolution and absorption of drugs, such as ricobendazole (RBZ), which have a low and erratic bioavailability. Gelucire 50/13 can be considered a good material to formulate inks using MESO-PP. As a model, the RBZ allowed us to assess that there were no changes in crystallinity and the API-ink interactions were ruled out using TGA, DSC, XRD and FT-IR assays. A batch of printlets, obtained using MESO-PP, fulfilled USP requirements regarding uniformity of mass (827 +/- 9 mg) and drug content (211 +/- 5 mg). Hardness and friability were 39.23 +/- 9.65 N and 1.07 +/- 0.5% respectively, just above the 1% USP tablet-friability limit. It was possible to obtain tablets of different sizes with high precision (r(2) = 0.995). In vitro dissolution test showed that the printlet had a sustained-release of RBZ (only 7% after 15 min), that erosion was the predominant mechanism for drug release (n-value of Korsmeyer-Peppas equation = 0.991; r(2) = 0.99) and that changes in the internal structures modify the release. Consequently, MESO-PP can be considered an excellent alternative to obtain solid pharmaceutical dosage forms with variable geometries for different pharmaceutical applications.