Multicategorical descriptors for creole genotypes of Amazon chicory (Eryngium foetidum)

The knowledge concerning genetic variability of creole genotypes by using morphological descriptors in species such as Amazon chicory is crucial to quantify local diversity and protect improved cultivars. Accordingly, this study aimed to propose multicategory leaf morphological descriptors for Amazon chicory species. To achieve that, an experiment was arranged in randomized block design with four repetitions. The treatments comprised eight creole genotypes of Amazon chicory, which were obtained from local producers' collection. The proposed multi-categorical descriptors are based on limb shape, leaf apex shape, leaf base shape, leaf margin, bract consistency, and bract margin traits. Once the multicategorical clustered data were obtained, they were transformed into a dissimilarity matrix. The limb shape presents dissimilarity, being either lanceolate or spatulate; as well as for leaf margin, which can be dentate or serrate. Thus, both limb shape and leaf margin constitute important qualitative descriptors for genetic diversity assessment and conservation for Amazon chicory, besides a recommended tool to be exploited in breeding programs.