Crosstalk between circulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, adipokines and metabolic syndrome in obese subjects

Background: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) has direct and indirect function in adipokines production process. We aimed to assess the possible influence of circulating PPAR gamma on relative risk of metabolic syndrome and also examine the association between circulating PPAR gamma and adipokines levels among obese subjects. Methods: A total of 96 obese subjects (body mass index (BMI) >= 30) were included in the current cross-sectional study. We assessed the body composition with the use of Body Composition Analyzer BC-418MA - Tanita. The MetS (metabolic syndrome) was defined based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. All baseline blood samples were obtained following an overnight fasting. Serum concentrations of adipokines including Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), omentin-1, vaspin, progranulin, nesfatin-1 and circulating PPAR gamma was measured with the use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Statistical analyses were performed using software package used for statistical analysis (SPSS). Results: We found main association between circulating PPAR gamma and body composition in obese population. The risk of metabolic syndrome in subjects with higher concentration of PPAR gamma was 1.9 fold in compared with lower concentration of PPAR gamma after adjustment for age, sex and BMI. There was significant association between PPAR gamma and adipokines, specially nesfatin-1 and progranulin. Defined adipokines pattern among participants demonstrated the markedly higher concentration of vaspin, RBP4 and nesfatin-1 in participants with MetS compared to non-MetS subjects. Conclusions: It appears all of studied adipokines might have association with PPAR gamma level and might simultaneously be involve in some common pathway to make susceptible obese subjects for MetS.