RETRACTED: lncRNA CRNDE is Upregulated in Glioblastoma Multiforme and Facilitates Cancer Progression Through Targeting miR-337-3p and ELMOD2 Axis (Retracted Article)

Introduction: Colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE) was reported to promote carcinogenesis in several cancers. However, the role of CRNDE in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) needs to be further explored. Methods: CRNDE expression levels in GBM tissues and cells were explored using realtime quantitative PCR at first. Effects of CRNDE on GBM cell behaviors were detected by conducting in vitro experiments. Interactions of CRNDE, microRNA-337-3p (miR-337-3p), and ELMO domain containing 2 (ELMOD2) were verified by bioinformatics analysis tools and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Expression correlations of CRNDE and ELMOD2 in GBM tissues were analyzed at GEPIA website. Results: CRNDE expression was upregulated in GBM tissues and cells compared with normal counterparts. CRDNE knockdown inhibits proliferation and migration, but promotes apoptosis in GBM cell, while CRNDE overexpression caused opposite effects. Mechanisms exploration indicated CRNDE serves as sponge of miR-337-3p to upregulate ELMOD2 expression. Furthermore, we showed CRNDE and ELMOD2 were positively correlated in GBM tissues. Discussion: In conclusion, our study highlighted the importance of CRNDE/miR-337-3p/ELMOD2 axis in GBM progression and offered novel strategies for GBM treatment.