Three-dimensional finite-element analysis of arching in a piled embankment

Piled embankments rely upon arching of the embankment material onto underlying piles, thus potentially significantly reducing load on the soft subsoil that more generally prevails beneath the embankment. Finite-element modelling of a piled embankment in plane strain has previously been reported; the 'subsoil' was not explicitly modelled, but was represented by a vertical stress acting on the underside of the embankment. This technical note considers extension of this work to three dimensions. The results make particular reference to prediction of the stress on the subsoil at the point of 'maximum arching' and the height of influence of arching within the embankment.