Identification and fine mapping of a major R gene to Magnaporthe oryzae in a broad-spectrum resistant germplasm in rice

Identification of R genes and development of associated molecular markers will facilitate their application in the development of crop cultivars resistant to disease. We evaluated the resistance of a resistant germplasm 'D69', 10 monogenic lines, and model cultivar 'Nipponbare' to 56 M. oryzae isolates of blast disease in rice. The results demonstrated that only D69 exhibited full-spectrum resistance among the 12 investigated materials. Resistance inheritance in D69 was analyzed using a stable isolate GD08T13 with strong pathogenicity, collected from diseased panicles. A single dominant R gene was revealed and designated as Pi51(t). Through linkage analysis and the development of new markers, Pi51(t) was subsequently delimited to an interval of similar to 100.8 kb flanked by markers Ind306 and RM19818, where Pi2, Pi9, Piz, Piz-t, Pigm(t), and Pi40(t) reside. Different genotypes identified by linked markers pB8, Pi9-2, zt56591, and T845, and different pathotypes to the same set of isolates, distinguished Pi51(t) from Pi2, Pi9, Piz, and Piz-t. The origin of Pi40(t) in wild rice suggests that Pi51(t) and Pi40(t) are different. Comparison of resistance spectra suggests multiple R genes in D69, making its resistance durable and valuable in breeding programs. The results of this work will facilitate future studies on cloning and functional analysis of blast resistance genes for rice improvement.