Mechanisms of Gamma Oscillations

被引:1866
作者
Buzsaki, Gyoergy [1 ,2 ]
Wang, Xiao-Jing [3 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Mol & Behav Neurosci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA
[2] NYU, Sch Med, Neurosci Inst, New York, NY 10016 USA
[3] Yale Univ, Dept Neurobiol, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
[4] Yale Univ, Kavli Inst Neurosci, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
来源
ANNUAL REVIEW OF NEUROSCIENCE, VOL 35 | 2012年 / 35卷
关键词
inhibitory interneurons; interneuronal network; excitatory-inhibitory loop; spike timing; dynamical cell assembly; irregular spiking; cross-frequency coupling; long-distance communication; FAST NETWORK OSCILLATIONS; INHIBITORY POSTSYNAPTIC POTENTIALS; NEURONAL OSCILLATIONS; PYRAMIDAL NEURONS; RAT HIPPOCAMPUS; VISUAL-CORTEX; RANGE SYNCHRONIZATION; PHASE SYNCHRONIZATION; SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY; ENTORHINAL CORTEX;
D O I
10.1146/annurev-neuro-062111-150444
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Gamma rhythms are commonly observed in many brain regions during both waking and sleep states, yet their functions and mechanisms remain a matter of debate. Here we review the cellular and synaptic mechanisms underlying gamma oscillations and outline empirical questions and controversial conceptual issues. Our main points are as follows: First, gamma-band rhythmogenesis is inextricably tied to perisomatic inhibition. Second, gamma oscillations are short-lived and typically emerge from the coordinated interaction of excitation and inhibition, which can be detected as local field potentials. Third, gamma rhythm typically concurs with irregular firing of single neurons, and the network frequency of gamma oscillations varies extensively depending on the underlying mechanism. To document gamma oscillations, efforts should be made to distinguish them from mere increases of gamma-band power and/or increased spiking activity. Fourth, the magnitude of gamma oscillation is modulated by slower rhythms. Such cross-frequency coupling may serve to couple active patches of cortical circuits. Because of their ubiquitous nature and strong correlation with the "operational modes" of local circuits, gamma oscillations continue to provide important clues about neuronal population dynamics in health and disease.
引用
收藏
页码:203 / 225
页数:23
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