The Impacts of The Temperature-Humidity Fluctuations in Substations and Practical Experimental Applications

Substations are the most critical components of power grids. A failure in a substation may cause power outages for thousands of households and workplaces. That's why it is crucial to operating substations under proper conditions. Temperature and humidity directly affect the electrical equipment's lifecycle, performance, and efficiency. They lead to many failures and power outages. This paper presents the humidity-temperature relation inside and outside environments of substations. It also covers the causes and impacts of humidity inside the substations, environmental factors, and mitigating methods of these factors. Besides, some experimental studies are handled such as indoor-outdoor temperature and humidity measurements, basic construction improvements to prevent water ingress and excessive ventilation, and installation of a dehumidifier device. The importance of continuous measurement and controlling of the substation's indoor environments are proved. Besides, it is presented that the humidity problem can be overcome by avoiding sudden temperature & humidity fluctuations and controlling the indoor climate conditions continuously.