EUROPEAN MIGRATION AND REFUGEES CRISIS: A COMPLEX AND MULTIFACETED PROCESS

The article explores how migration and the recent arrivals of thousand of refugees in Europe have provoked a mayor political crisis inside the Union membrers, in a time of economic crisis and populist insurgency. The difficulties to produce a common European policy in front of migration is embedded in the construction of the EU, which is based on two pillars: free movement inside the EU space; strict control of the external border and of the non-EU migration (Fortress Europe). This approach has penalized Southern European countries, geographically placed at the border, forced by the European legislation to receive the asylum seekers. Attempts to organize some share of the burden have failed. The only answer that the EU has been able to offer to the migratory crisi has been the "externalization of migration", paying the non -EU border countries (Turkey, Morocco, Libia) to stop the flows. The European crisis in front of the migration and refugee issue has been fuelled by the 'populist insurgency' - the global phenomenon of revolt against established political parties and elites in general, combined with the rise of nationalist sentiments. The rise of populism is, however, a result of the abandon of the disadvantaged classes (the losers of globalization) by the traditional leftwing parties. Only a new political proposal that puts at its center the social rights that have been stolen to the lower European classes during the crisis, can build a solidarity approach to migrants and refugees, sgared by the all society.