Embedding Values in Artificial Intelligence (AI) Systems

被引:129
作者
van de Poel, Ibo [1 ]
机构
[1] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Values Technol & Innovat, Sch Technol Policy & Management, Delft, Netherlands
基金
欧洲研究理事会;
关键词
Artificial intelligence; Values; Ethics; Sociotechnical system; Value embedding; Institution; Artificial agent; Norms; Multi-agent system; SOCIOTECHNICAL SYSTEMS; DUAL NATURE; ARTIFACTS; DESIGN;
D O I
10.1007/s11023-020-09537-4
中图分类号
TP18 [人工智能理论];
学科分类号
081104 ; 0812 ; 0835 ; 1405 ;
摘要
Organizations such as the EU High-Level Expert Group on AI and the IEEE have recently formulated ethical principles and (moral) values that should be adhered to in the design and deployment of artificial intelligence (AI). These include respect for autonomy, non-maleficence, fairness, transparency, explainability, and accountability. But how can we ensure and verify that an AI system actually respects these values? To help answer this question, I propose an account for determining when an AI system can be said to embody certain values. This account understands embodied values as the result of design activities intended to embed those values in such systems. AI systems are here understood as a special kind of sociotechnical system that, like traditional sociotechnical systems, are composed of technical artifacts, human agents, and institutions but-in addition-contain artificial agents and certain technical norms that regulate interactions between artificial agents and other elements of the system. The specific challenges and opportunities of embedding values in AI systems are discussed, and some lessons for better embedding values in AI systems are drawn.
引用
收藏
页码:385 / 409
页数:25
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