Superconducting separated orbit cyclotrons

A separated orbit cyclotron (SOC) is in principle a linac rolled up along a fixed spiral orbit. The quadrupole lenses with superimposed bending fields form individual, independent channel magnets. Radially neighbouring RF cavities are joined together, so that each big cavity accelerates several beams in parallel. Recently the feasibility of a SOC was demonstrated with the TRITRON. An ion beam was accelerated continuously along six turns by six superconducting RF cavities and 75 superconducting channel magnets. The remarkable features of the TRITRON are the excellent stability, reproducibility and reliability of all six cavities and the magnets. Based on the good results a system of three superconducting SOCs is proposed to accelerate protons up to 1 GeV with beam currents of 10 mA at least.