Branched Structures in Plants and Architecture

In architecture and construction engineering, a vast number of connections and branched columns in frame structures exist that are exposed to high static and dynamic loads. The manufacture of many of these elaborate structures is both time-consuming and costly. Industry has no solution for cost-effectively producing aesthetic and mechanically stable branched columns. This challenge is addressed by the development of branched structures inspired by branched biological concept generators such as Schefflera arboricola. Here, we present methodological approaches allowing the reconstruction of the outer shape and inner structure of complex branching regions, such as in S. arboricola, by using and combining three-dimensional-image stacking of histological thin sections, micro-computer-tomography (mu CT) imaging and laser scanning. Computer-aided design (CAD) and Finite Element (FE) models of such structures can then be produced that not only help to provide a better understanding of the functional morphology and biomechanics of the biological concept generator, but also render the basis for the intended biomimetic transfer to branched columns consisting of a braided hull filled with concrete. The current project results are mainly based on the analysis of S. arboricola branching and the results of a previous research project (SPP 1420) in which biomimetic branched fibre-reinforced plastic (FRP) columns inspired by the branching structure of Dracaena were produced. Currently a biomimetic hull geometry that can be manufactured industrially is developed. Initially, branched FRPs based on triaxial braids with readily adjustable mechanical properties are filled with concrete and thus shall achieve sufficient mechanical properties for application and cost-effective fabrication in the building industry.