Simulation of microwave scattering from wind-driven ocean surfaces

An efficient approach for fast analysis of vector wave scattering from random rough surtaces is described in this paper. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the merits of the scheme. The underlying methodology lies on using a single integral equation formulation combined with a multilevel sparse-matrix canonical-grid method. Triangular patches are employed to tightly model the surfaces. A localized approximation method is employed for the highly conductive seawater medium. A beam decomposition technique is incorporated to cope with an extremely large surface. Monte-Carlo simulation results are presented as bistatic scattering coefficients for wind-driven ocean surfaces illuminated by microwave beams at L-band. A special attention is paid to low grazing incidences due to its practical importance.