PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING AND 21ST CENTURY SKILLS: CASE ILLUSTRATIONS

Problem-based learning has been used as an educational methodology that emphasises real world challenges, higher order thinking skills, multi-disciplinary learning, independent learning, information mining skills, team work and communication skills. The use of PBL in multi-disciplinary context can address 21st century competencies such as learning to learn, collaborative learning, communication skills and problem-solving in novel and complex situations. In this paper, a model of problem-based learning cycle will be presented and cases of PBL will be used to provide insights on how the 21st century skills are incorporated through the design of the various stages and processes including meeting the problem, analysing the problem, self and peer inquiry, synthesis of information, discovery of learning, solution presentation, review and evaluation. The conclusion will address the pros, cons and challenges of future PBL curricula.