The Hubble Space Telescope Survey of M31 Satellite Galaxies. II. The Star Formation Histories of Ultrafaint Dwarf Galaxies

被引：13

作者：

Savino, Alessandro ^{[1
]}

Weisz, Daniel R. ^{[1
]}

Skillman, Evan D. ^{[2
]}

Dolphin, Andrew ^{[3
,4
]}

Cole, Andrew A. ^{[5
]}

Kallivayalil, Nitya ^{[6
]}

Wetzel, Andrew ^{[7
]}

Anderson, Jay ^{[8
]}

Besla, Gurtina ^{[9
]}

Boylan-Kolchin, Michael ^{[10
]}

Brown, Thomas M. ^{[8
]}

Bullock, James S. ^{[11
]}

Collins, Michelle L. M. ^{[12
]}

Cooper, M. C. ^{[11
]}

Deason, Alis J. ^{[13
]}

Dotter, Aaron L. ^{[14
]}

Fardal, Mark ^{[15
]}

Ferguson, Annette M. N. ^{[16
]}

Fritz, Tobias K. ^{[17
]}

Geha, Marla C. ^{[18
]}

Gilbert, Karoline M. ^{[8
,19
]}

Guhathakurta, Puragra ^{[20
]}

Ibata, Rodrigo ^{[21
]}

Irwin, Michael J. ^{[22
]}

Jeon, Myoungwon ^{[23
]}

Kirby, Evan N. ^{[24
]}

Lewis, Geraint F. ^{[25
]}

Mackey, Dougal ^{[26
]}

Majewski, Steven R. ^{[6
]}

Martin, Nicolas ^{[21
,27
]}

McConnachie, Alan ^{[28
]}

Patel, Ekta ^{[1
]}

Rich, R. Michael ^{[29
]}

Simon, Joshua D. ^{[30
]}

Sohn, Sangmo Tony ^{[8
]}

Tollerud, Erik J. ^{[8
]}

van der Marel, Roeland P. ^{[8
,31
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[2] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, Sch Phys & Astron, 116 Church St, SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA

[3] Raytheon Technol, 1151 E Hermans Rd, Tucson, AZ 85756 USA

[4] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA

[5] Univ Tasmania, Sch Nat Sci, Private Bag 37, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia

[6] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, 530 McCormick Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA

[7] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys & Astron, Davis, CA 95616 USA

[8] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA

[9] Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA

[10] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, 2515 Speedway, Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA

[11] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA

[12] Univ Surrey, Phys Dept, Guildford GU2 7XH, England

[13] Univ Durham, Inst Computat Cosmol, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England

[14] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Wilder Lab 6127, Hanover, NH 03755 USA

[15] Eureka Sci, Polit Sci, 2452 Delmer St, Suite 100, Oakland, CA 96402 USA

[16] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Royal Observ, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland

[17] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, 530 McCormick Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA

[18] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA

[19] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Ctr Phys & Astron, William H Miller Dept Phys & Astron 3, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA

[20] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, UCO, Lick Observ, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA

[21] Observ Strasbourg, 11, rue Univ, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

[22] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England

[23] Kyung Hee Univ, Sch Space Res, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Yongin 17104, South Korea

[24] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA

[25] Univ Sydney, Sydney Inst Astron, Sch Phys, A28, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia

[26] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia

[27] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

[28] NRC Herzberg Astron & Astrophys, 5071 West Saanich Rd, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada

[29] UCLA, Dept Phys & Astron, 430 Portola Plaza, Box 951547, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA

[30] Observ Carnegie Inst Sci, Carnegie Observ, 813 St Barbara St, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA

[31] Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Astrophys Sci, William H Miller Dept Phys & Astron 3, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL | 2023年 / 956卷 / 02期

关键词：

STELLAR EVOLUTION MODELS; MILKY-WAY SATELLITE; LOW-MASS GALAXY; LOCAL GROUP; SPHEROIDAL COMPANIONS; CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; WFPC2; OBSERVATIONS; HORIZONTAL-BRANCH; GLOBULAR-CLUSTER; SPECTROSCOPIC CONFIRMATION;

D O I：

10.3847/1538-4357/acf46f

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We present the lifetime star formation histories (SFHs) for six ultrafaint dwarf (UFD; M-V > - 7.0,4.9 < log(M-* (z=0/M-circle star) satellite galaxies of M31 based on deep color-magnitude diagrams constructed from Hubble Space Telescope imaging. These are the first SFHs obtained from the oldest main-sequence turnoff of UFDs outside the halo of the Milky Way (MW). We find that five UFDs formed at least 50% of their stellar mass by z = 5 (12.6 Gyr ago), similar to known UFDs around the MW, but that 10%-40% of their stellar mass formed at later times. We uncover one remarkable UFD, And xiii, which formed only 10% of its stellar mass by z = 5, and 75% in a rapid burst at z similar to 2-3, a result that is robust to choices of underlying stellar model and is consistent with its predominantly red horizontal branch. This "young" UFD is the first of its kind and indicates that not all UFDs are necessarily quenched by reionization, which is consistent with predictions from several cosmological simulations of faint dwarf galaxies. SFHs of the combined MW and M31 samples suggest reionization did not homogeneously quench UFDs. We find that the least-massive MW UFDs (M-*(z = 5) less than or similar to 5 x 10(4)M(circle dot)) are likely quenched by reionization, whereas more-massive M31 UFDs (M-*(z = 5) greater than or similar to 10(5)M(circle dot)) may only have their star formation suppressed by reionization and quench at a later time. We discuss these findings in the context of the evolution and quenching of UFDs.

引用

页数：22

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