Modeling cyclic liquefaction and system response of a sheet-pile supported liquefiable deposit: Insights from LEAP-2022

This study presents numerical simulations of 13 prototype -scale centrifuge tests from the LEAP -2022 project, employing the SANISAND-MSf plasticity model. Calibrated based on data from 56 cyclic direct simple shear tests, the objective was to evaluate the model's ability to capture cyclic liquefaction -related phenomena comprehensively. The adopted calibration strategy balanced the considerations for the challenges posed by asymmetric cyclic shear stress conditions. Two-dimensional plane -strain numerical models were constructed in OpenSees, simulating a sheet -pile wall supporting medium -dense liquefiable sand under seismic excitations. Results demonstrate the model's proficiency in predicting excess porewater pressure evolution, spectral acceleration, shake -induced settlement, and sheet -pile head displacement. The study also provides insights into deviations in sheet -pile head displacements between experiments and simulations. Challenges in simulating tests EU-1 and KAIST-2 were identified and addressed, with the overprediction in EU-1 attributed to an overestimation of the pace and extent of cyclic liquefaction and in KAIST-2 to the sensitivity of large cyclic deformations to changes in relative density. The findings offer valuable insights for refining constitutive models, underscoring the importance of considering diverse loading conditions to better align with observed system responses.