Mother's Emotional Experiences of Breastfeeding with Primary Low Milk Supply in the First Four Months Postpartum: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

Background: Primary low milk supply (PLMS) prevents mothers from producing sufficient milk to breastfeed exclusively. However, limited evidence exists regarding women's experiences of breastfeeding with PLMS.Objective: This article aims to investigate the emotional experiences of mothers breastfeeding with PLMS in the first 3 months postpartum.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in Ireland and used a phenomenological methodology to investigate the lived experiences of breastfeeding mothers with PLMS. Nine first-time breastfeeding mothers with PLMS participated, and data collection took the form of unstructured interviews. Data analysis was completed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.Results: Being in the Whirlwind is one of four superordinate themes identified in this study. This theme relates to participants' internalized experiences of breastfeeding with PLMS in the first 3 months postpartum. During this time, participants struggled to come to terms with having PLMS and became caught up in all-consuming efforts to increase their milk supply. They experienced guilt, sadness, confusion, anger, and anxiety, with many describing the early months postpartum as traumatic. Participants revealed how triple-feeding (a regime of breastfeeding, pumping, and supplementing) negatively affected their mental health and reported that supplementing with infant formula was emotionally upsetting.Conclusions: Our findings reveal that the combination of PLMS and triple feeding can negatively impact a mothers' mental health. A greater understanding among health care professionals of the emotional impact of having PLMS and triple-feeding could enhance the provision of sensitive and person-centered support for those with PLMS. Antenatal breastfeeding education should acknowledge that PLMS is a challenge for a small cohort of women and place greater emphasis on the emotional aspects of breastfeeding challenges.