Albuminuria, Disease Duration, and Glycated Hemoglobin Are Related With Bone Mineral Density in Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-sectional Study

Objective: Studies have found a significant decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) compared to healthy controls. Factors associated with this phenomenon have yet to be defined; therefore, this study aimed to explore the association of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), disease duration, albuminuria, and glomerular filtration rate with BMD in adults with T1D. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in tertiary care center. BMD analysis was performed by dual x-ray absorptiometry. Linear models were constructed considering variables associated with BMD. Approval from the ethics committees and informed consent were obtained. Results: We included 128 participants, of whom 59% were women, and 16% had menopause. The median age was 33 (26-42) years. The average age of diabetes diagnosis was 15.3 +/- 6.3 years, and the median disease duration was 19.5 (12-27) years. In the adjusted analysis, higher albuminuria (P <.01) and disease duration (P <.05) were associated with a lower BMD in the femoral neck and total hip, independently of age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). Higher HbA1c (P <.01) was associated with a lower spine BMD after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. Conclusion: Studied factors specific to T1D, including albuminuria, disease duration, and HbA1c have an association with BMD regardless of BMI, age, and sex. (c) 2023 AACE. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.