Association between human Epstein-Barr virus and brain cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Plain language summaryBrain cancer is one of the less common cancers worldwide. Infectious agents, especially viruses, have been considered as potential role players in the development of brain cancer. Although some investigations suggest an association between the EBV and brain cancer, the involvement of this virus as a risk factor remains controversial. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence and any possible association between EBV and brain cancer through conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. Our result showed, the pooled prevalence of EBV among brain cancer patients was 9% and EBV infection was associated with an increased risk of brain cancer. The results of this meta-analysis showed a high prevalence of EBV infection in brain tissue and also provided strong evidence that EBV infection was associated with an increased risk of brain cancer. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the pooled prevalence and potential correlation between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and brain cancers. Materials & methods: We searched for relevant studies in main databases and analyzed the heterogeneity, odds ratio and corresponding 95% CI among all studies using STATA software V.14. Results: Fourteen articles were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of EBV among brain cancer patients was 9% (95% CI: 3-16%; I-2 = 91.06%). An association was found between EBV and brain cancer (OR: 6.90 [95% CI: 1.81-26.28]; I-2 = 0%]). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate a significant association between EBV infection and brain cancer, suggesting EBV infection is a potential risk factor for brain cancer development.