Fabrication of Multifunctional Wound Dressing Composite Biomaterials Composed of Ag/Mg-Hydroxyapatite Doped Electrospun Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Nanofibers for Skin Tissue Regeneration

Developing wound dressing biomaterials is crucial to maintaining an appropriate health care system. Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) encapsulated with co-doped hydroxyapatite (HAP) with [silver (Ag)/magnesium (Mg)] ions have been fabricated with a variation in Ag+ ions contributions. Besides, Ag/Mg-HAP powder forms have been investigated upon their structure. Their lattice parameters were investigated, including a-axis, and plunged slightly from 9.487 +/- 0.03 to 9.467 +/- 0.07 angstrom for the lowest and the highest additional Ag+ ions. Furthermore, the average surface roughness value increased from 16.0 nm to 25.9 nm for the lowest and the highest doped Ag+ for powdered phases, while it increased from 106.5 to 174.6 nm for the scaffold ones. The produced scaffolds were formed in random fibers distribution with diameters ranged from 3.4-7.8 to be 1.9-5.1 mu m for the lowest and the highest ionic substitution. Moreover, the antibacterial effectiveness has been evaluated and showed that the inhibition zone grew from 14.8 +/- 3.1 mm and 13.5 +/- 4.2 mm to be 19.3 +/- 3.8 mm and 17.6 +/- 2.9 mm for the 0.4Ag/Mg-HAP@PVA and 0.8Ag/Mg-HAP@PVA against E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. Furthermore, the attachment of human fibroblasts cells has been tested in vitro and depicted that the cells could proliferate and grow adhesively through the scaffolds, which may support these platforms or substitutes to be examined for clinical applications.