Correlation between iron deficiency anemia and the levels of hemoglobin A1C in non-diabetic children Sudanese patients on Red Sea State

Iron deficiency is global health problems and common medical conditions seen in everyday clinical practice and remains a common cause of anemia in young children. The main form of glycated hemoglobin is hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). The measurement of glycated hemoglobin is the standard method for assessing the long-term glycemic control. Many types of anemias have effect on HbA1c level. Because iron deficiency anemia is the most common type of anemia met within practice recently, so the study aimed to detect it is effect on HbA1c level for it is importance as a convenient way to monitor therapy. After taking approval from ethical committee of Ministry of Health (Sudan). The blood samples was collected under aseptic precautions in EDTA blood container. A complete hemogram was performed using ABX Micros 60 - Horiba hematology analyzer, the serum ferritin was measured using Roche kits on the Hitachi 912 clinical analyzer, serum ion concentration was determined with an automated analyzer (Labospect 008; Hitachi High Technologies, Tokyo) and HbA1c measured by Fluke 6200 PAT Tester. This study was case control study, carried out on one hundred patients with iron deficiency anemia and on one hundred as control group. The gender distribution among study group was 53 male and 47 female. The study showed that the hemoglobin level ranged between (4.1-9.2) with mean 7.9, serum iron ranged between (1.1-6.4) with mean 3.5, serum ferritin ranged between (0.9- 6.9) with mean 4.186 and HbA1c ranged between (5.6-7.6) with mean 6.58.The study concluded that there was increased of HbA1C in those children with iron deficiency anaemia and there was no correlation between sex and HbA1c. In addition, there was weak positive correlation with HbA1c under 5 years' age and weak negative correlation with HbA1c above 5 years.