Sense of belonging and grit in e-learning portal usage in higher education

E-learning has the potential to attract learners into the learning environment with its abundance benefits. However, learners tend to discontinue the use of e-learning as they lose intention if they are not satisfied. In regard to this, this study explored the sense of belonging and grit in the e-learning portal environment. A total of 441 postgraduate learners responded via an online survey. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) via Smart PLS was used to analyse the data collected. The findings of this study indicated that sense of belonging has a positive significant impact on usage. This study also found that usage positively impacts performance. However, grit does not moderate the relationship between attitude and usage. This study integrated TPB theory together with new non-cognitive variables to explain usage and performance.