Off-design performance and control strategies of sCO2 recompression power systems considering compressor operating safety

The supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) power cycle is a promising power cycle in the field of thermal power generation. The system is often operated under off-design conditions, which would lead to the unsafe or unstable operation of the sCO2 power system. The performance of the sCO2 recompression cycle system under off-design working conditions by different control strategies is investigated in this paper. A one-dimensional design prediction model for centrifugal compressors is introduced to predict off-design system performance and the operating conditions and safety of centrifugal compressors under the 5 control strategies are simulated and compared. To show the difference between the control strategies, the thermal efficiency was compared, the highest thermal efficiency of the system is 11.2 % by the inventory control method, and the lowest thermal efficiency is 5.45 % by the turbine bypass control method. The compressor backflow control method makes the main compressor has a choking risk and the recompressor has a surging risk when the output power of the system is small. The speed variations of centrifugal compressors are 39.55 % (MC) and 34.71 % (RC) using the inventory control method. A hybrid control strategy (the compressor backflow and inventory control strategies) is proposed based on the performance maps of centrifugal compressors. The turbine efficiency is improved by 4.5 % and the system thermal efficiency is improved by 7.1 % by using the hybrid control strategy. The hybrid control strategy can solve the problem of dangerous working conditions of centrifugal compressors. The results of this study can guide the system control and operational safety of sCO2 recompression cycles.