Enhanced Graph Structure Representation for Unsupervised Heterogeneous Change Detection

Heterogeneous change detection (CD) is widely applied in various fields such as urban planning, environmental monitoring, and disaster management. It enhances the accuracy and comprehensiveness of surface change monitoring by integrating multi-sensor remote sensing data. Scholars have proposed many graph-based methods to address the issue of incomparable heterogeneous images caused by imaging differences. However, these methods often overlook the influence of changes in vertex status on the graph structure, which limits their ability to represent image structural features. To tackle this problem, this paper presents an unsupervised heterogeneous CD method based on enhanced graph structure representation (EGSR). This method enhances the representation capacity of the graph structure for image structural features by measuring the unchanged probabilities of vertices, thereby making it easier to detect changes in heterogeneous images. Firstly, we construct the graph structure using image superpixels and measure the structural graph differences of heterogeneous images in the same image domain. Then, we calculate the unchanged probability of each vertex in the structural graph and reconstruct the graph structure using this probability. To accurately represent the graph structure, we adopt an iterative framework for enhancing the representation of the graph structure. Finally, at the end of the iteration, the final change map (CM) is obtained by binary segmentation of the graph vertices based on their unchanged probabilities. The effectiveness of this method is validated through experiments on four sets of heterogeneous image datasets and two sets of homogeneous image datasets.