Progressive, multi-organ, and multi-layered nature of cancer cachexia

被引:1
|
作者
Nakamura, Yuki [1 ,2 ]
Saldajeno, Don Pietro [1 ,3 ]
Kawaguchi, Kosuke [2 ]
Kawaoka, Shinpei [1 ,4 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Kyoto Univ, Inst Life & Med Sci, Interorgan Commun Res Team, Kyoto, Japan
[2] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Breast Surg, Kyoto, Japan
[3] Nara Inst Sci & Technol, Math Informat Lab, Div Informat Sci, Ikoma, Nara, Japan
[4] Tohoku Univ, Inst Dev Aging & Canc IDAC, Dept Integrat Bioanalyt, Sendai, Japan
[5] Tohoku Univ, Inst Dev Aging & Canc IDAC, Dept Integrat Bioanalyt, 4-1 Seiryo Machi,Aoba Ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan
关键词
cancer cachexia; immunosuppression; liver; metabolism; multiomics; CELL LUNG-CANCER; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; PROSTATE-CANCER; DOUBLE-BLIND; WEIGHT-LOSS; INHIBITION; ANAMORELIN; MODELS;
D O I
10.1111/cas.16078
中图分类号
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号
100214 ;
摘要
Cancer cachexia is a complex, multifaceted condition that negatively impacts the health, treatment efficacy, and economic status of cancer patients. The management of cancer cachexia is an essential clinical need. Cancer cachexia is currently defined mainly according to the severity of weight loss and sarcopenia (i.e., macrosymptoms). However, such macrosymptoms may be insufficient to give clinicians clues on how to manage this condition as these symptoms appear at the late stage of cancer. We need to understand earlier events during the progression of cancer cachexia so as not to miss a clinical opportunity to control this complex syndrome. Recent research indicates that cancer-induced changes in the host are much wider than previously recognized, including disruption of liver function and the immune system. Furthermore, such changes are observed before the occurrence of visible distant metastases (i.e., in early, localized cancers). In light of these findings, we propose to expand the definition of cancer cachexia to include all cancer-induced changes to host physiology, including changes caused by early, localized cancers. This new definition of cancer cachexia can provide a new perspective on this topic, which can stimulate the research and development of novel cancer cachexia therapies. We propose that host abnormalities begin even before the defined precachexia and that such earlier phases are potentially a better therapeutic window.image
引用
收藏
页码:715 / 722
页数:8
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