Effect of particle grading on the properties of photosensitive slurry and BaTiO3 piezoelectric ceramic via digital light processing 3D printing

To improve the density and piezoelectric constant of BaTiO3 ceramics prepared by Digital Light Processing 3D printing, the properties of photosensitive slurry were investigated from the perspective of particle grading, and the nitrogen-air two-step debinding and sintering process on the relative density and electrical properties were explored. It was found that as the mass ratio of coarse particles increased, the viscosity, shear stress and cure depth of the slurry decreased. When the mass ratio of fine and coarse particles was 2:8 and sintered at 1350 degrees C, the ceramic had better performance, with relative density reaching 95.39 +/- 0.63 %. The piezoelectric constant d33 was 215 +/- 13 pC/N, 29.52 % higher than the single-peak powder. The relative permittivity (epsilon r) and po-larization (Pr) were 978 and 16.656 mu C/cm2. Finally, BaTiO3 ceramics with Triply Periodic Minimal Surface structures were prepared as piezoelectric sensors, which had the highest output voltage at the same displacement when the mass ratio was 2:8.