Vildagliptin Nephroprotective Effect in Rats Model with Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity

Objective: To evaluate the nephroprotective effect of vildagliptin against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Methods: Twenty-eight male rats have been divided into four groups: Control (received distal water), cisplatin treated group (received single dose of cisplatin (7 mg/kg) intraperitoneally (IP) on day eight), vildagliptin plus cisplatin treated group (received vildagliptin 10 mg/ kg/day orally for 14 days, seven days before and seven days after the dose of cisplatin on day eight), and vildagliptin treated group (received the same dose and duration of vildagliptin mentioned previously). At the end, blood samples were collected to evaluate tumor necrotic factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), caspase-3, total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), urea, and creatinine. The serum levels of these biomarkers were expressed as mean +/- standard error of mean. Additionally, kidneys were fixed in formalin for histopathological examination. Results: Vildagliptin treatment significantly reduced the serum levels of TNF-alpha, caspase-3, urea, and creatinine as well as increased the TAOC level in rats treated with vildagliptin plus cisplatin when compared with cisplatin treated group. Histopathological examination further supported the nephroprotective effect of vildagliptin in rats with cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity. Conclusion: Vildagliptin improved kidney function and reduced cisplatin nephrotoxicity which may highlight the nephroprotective effect of this DPP -4 inhibitor against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.