Electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction and methanol oxidation using surface-oriented stable NiSnO3 nanospheres anchored g-C3N4 nanosheets

Transition metal oxides have arisen as smart and inexpensive electrocatalytic materials for water oxidation. In this work, a simple hydrothermal method is demonstrated for the first time to synthesize perovskite-type NiSnO3 nanospheres interacted with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets with fruit-beared cherry tree like morphology and investigate its surface-oriented electrocatalytic performance such as oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). First, the structural and morphological analysis of the as -synthesized nanohybrid has been studied using various physico-chemical techniques to confirm the bonding interaction between NiSnO3 nanospheres and g-C3N4. For comparison, NiO, SnO2, and NiO/SnO2 nano -composites were also synthesized and studied. This study highlights the surface-derived synergistic interaction between g-C3N4 nanosheets and NiSnO3 nanospheres, which have absolutely led the prepared NiSnO3/g-C3N4 nanohybrid loaded on 316 stainless steel (SSL) mesh electrodes to excellent electrocatalytic performances, assessed using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and impedance analysis. The nano -hybrid loaded electrode needs a low overpotential of 240 mV to reach the current density of 10 mA cm-2 and a Tafel slope of 42 mV dec-1 for OER. In addition, the synthesized nanohybrid loaded electrode was tested for methanol oxidation, which shows an enhanced electrocatalytic performance with a current density of 295 mA cm-2. The produced nanohybrid electrode also demonstrates long-term stability for both OER and MOR, sug-gesting as an alternate to noble metal electrocatalyst.