Lead(II) Formate in Rembrandt's Night Watch: Detection and Distribution from the Macro- to the Micro-scale

被引：9

作者：

Gonzalez, Victor ^{[1
,2
]}

Fazlic, Ida ^{[2
,3
]}

Cotte, Marine ^{[3
,4
]}

Vanmeert, Frederik ^{[5
,6
]}

Gestels, Arthur ^{[5
,10
]}

De Meyer, Steven ^{[5
]}

Broers, Frederique ^{[2
,5
,7
,8
,9
]}

Hermans, Joen ^{[2
,7
]}

van Loon, Annelies ^{[2
]}

Janssens, Koen ^{[5
]}

Noble, Petria ^{[2
]}

Keune, Katrien ^{[2
,7
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Paris Saclay, CNRS, PPSM, ENS Paris Saclay, 4 Ave Sci, F-91190 Gif Sur Yvette, France

[2] Rijksmuseum Conservat & Sci, Hobbemastr 22, NL-1071 ZC Amsterdam, Netherlands

[3] ESRF, 71 Ave Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France

[4] Sorbonne Univ, Lab Archeol Mol & Struct LAMS, CNRS, UMR8220, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France

[5] Univ Antwerp, AXIS Antwerp Xray Imaging & Spect Lab, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium

[6] Royal Inst Cultural Heritage KIK IRPA, Paintings Lab, Jubelpk 1, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium

[7] Univ Amsterdam, Vant Hoff Inst Mol Sci, Sci Pk 904, NL-1090 GD Amsterdam, Netherlands

[8] Univ Utrecht, Debye Inst Nanomat Sci, Inorgan Chem & Catalysis, Univ Weg 99, NL-3584 Utrecht, Netherlands

[9] Univ Utrecht, Inst Sustainable & Circular Chem, Univ Weg 99, NL-3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands

[10] Univ Antwerp, InViLab UAntwerp Ind Vis Lab, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium

来源：

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION | 2023年 / 62卷 / 16期

基金：

荷兰研究理事会; 欧盟地平线“2020”;

关键词：

Carboxylates; Lead Formate; Pigments; Rembrandt; X-Ray Diffraction; OIL; PAINTINGS;

D O I：

10.1002/anie.202216478

中图分类号：

O6 [化学];

学科分类号：

0703 ;

摘要：

The Night Watch, painted in 1642 and on view in the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, is considered Rembrandt's most famous work. X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) mapping at multiple length scales revealed the unusual presence of lead(II) formate, Pb(HCOO)(2), in several areas of the painting. Until now, this compound was never reported in historical oil paints. In order to get insights into this phenomenon, one possible chemical pathway was explored thanks to the preparation and micro-analysis of model oil paint media prepared by heating linseed oil and lead(II) oxide (PbO) drier as described in 17(th) century recipes. Synchrotron radiation based micro-XRPD (SR-mu-XRPD) and infrared microscopy were combined to identify and map at the micro-scale various neo-formed lead-based compounds in these model samples. Both lead(II) formate and lead(II) formate hydroxide Pb(HCOO)(OH) were detected and mapped, providing new clues regarding the reactivity of lead driers in oil matrices in historical paintings.

引用

页数：9

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