Textile Dyes Alter the Bacterial Community Structure in Contaminated Soil

Textile dye is one of the main pollutants in industrial wastewater, and its impact on soil environment has always been an important part of soil health risk assessment. The objective is to reveal the succession law of microbial community in textile dye-contaminated soil, and to provide scientific basis for environmental assessment and remediation of textile dye-contaminated soil. High-throughput sequencing combined with bioinformatics analysis and LC-MS were used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of soil-contaminated textile dyes. Soil microbial activity was characterized by enzyme activity, respiratory intensity, and culturable microorganism combing. The results showed that the bacterial community structure in soil was closely related to soil ecological environment. With the increase of textile dye concentration in soil, the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroides, and Gemobacteria increased, while the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Chlorobacteria, and Nitrospira decreased. At the genus level, there were significant differences in the relative abundance of bacterial communities in different contaminated soil samples. Textile dyes significantly reduced soil microbial activity, diversity, and richness of soil bacterial community, and changed the structure of soil bacterial community. The content of textile dyes in soil was highly correlated with the change of bacterial groups.