Efficiency of risk management for tunnel security of megaprojects construction in China based on system dynamics

There have been repeated security incidents in megaproject tunnels, construction security issues are particularly serious, and the management of security risks is receiving increasing attention. This study was conducted to improve the efficiency of tunnel security risk management, the security risk management process was adopted as an entry point, based on the Observe-Orient-Decision-Action (OODA) model, the influencing factors index system for the efficiency of security risk management in megaproject tunnels from four dimensions: observe, orient, decision and action. The AHP-EWM method is applied to assign index weights to model the system dynamics of security risk management efficiency. The Vensim software was used to simulate and analyse the effect of different indices on the efficiency of security risk management under different conditions, which provides a reference for improving the efficiency of security risk management. The results of the study show that building a comprehensive and uninterrupted risk information awareness network, real-time adaptation of risk control strategies based on the complexity of risks, and shortening risk management delays can effectively increase the efficiency of dynamic security risk management. This provides a theoretical and practical reference for effectively improving the efficiency of risk management for tunnel security in megaproject construction.