A Comparative Computational Investigation on the In-Plane Behavior and Capacity of Dry-Joint URM Walls

Predicting the lateral load-carrying capacity of dry-joint unreinforced masonry (URM) walls is often challenging due to the complex interactions between the governing parameters (i.e. geometrical and mechanical properties). The capacity and behavior of dry-joint URM walls depend on boundary conditions, size and location of the openings, bond pattern, vertical load, and aspect ratio, among other factors. In this context, the present research investigates the effect of bond pattern, aspect ratio, vertical load, and boundary condition on the in-plane (IP) behavior and capacity. Two computational methods, the discrete element method (DEM) and micro limit analysis (micro LA), are employed. Through a comprehensive parametric assessment, the result indicates a good agreement between the two approaches. The computational investigations underline the direct relationship of the IP capacity of walls with respect to aspect ratio and applied vertical pressure. Furthermore, fixed-no rotation boundary condition is associated with the increased IP capacity. Finally, a simple analytical equation is proposed to predict the lateral capacity of dry-joint URM walls.