Time Dependence of 50-250 MeV Galactic Cosmic-Ray Protons between Solar Cycles 24 and 25, Measured by the High-energy Particle Detector on board the CSES-01 Satellite

被引：9

作者：

Martucci, M. ^{[1
]}

Ammendola, R. ^{[1
]}

Badoni, D. ^{[1
]}

Bartocci, S. ^{[1
]}

Battiston, R. ^{[2
,3
]}

Beole, S. ^{[4
,5
]}

Burger, W. J. ^{[2
]}

Campana, D. ^{[6
]}

Castellini, G. ^{[7
]}

Cipollone, P. ^{[1
]}

Coli, S. ^{[4
]}

Conti, L. ^{[1
,8
]}

Contin, A. ^{[9
,10
]}

Cristoforetti, M. ^{[2
,11
]}

D'Angelo, G. ^{[12
]}

De Donato, C. ^{[1
]}

De Santis, C. ^{[1
]}

Di Luca, A. ^{[2
,11
]}

Follega, F. M. ^{[2
,3
]}

Gebbia, G. ^{[2
,3
]}

Iuppa, R. ^{[2
,3
]}

Lega, A. ^{[2
,3
]}

Lolli, M. ^{[10
]}

Marcelli, N. ^{[13
]}

Masciantonio, G. ^{[1
]}

Merge, M. ^{[1
,14
]}

Mese, M. ^{[6
,15
]}

Neubuser, C. ^{[2
]}

Nozzoli, F. ^{[2
]}

Oliva, A. ^{[9
,10
]}

Osteria, G. ^{[6
]}

Pacini, L. ^{[16
]}

Palma, F. ^{[1
]}

Palmonari, F. ^{[9
,10
]}

Panico, B. ^{[6
,15
]}

Parmentier, A. ^{[1
,12
]}

Perciballi, S. ^{[4
,5
]}

Perfetto, F. ^{[17
]}

Picozza, P. ^{[1
,18
]}

Pozzato, M. ^{[10
]}

Rebustini, G. M. ^{[1
,18
]}

Ricci, E. ^{[2
,3
]}

Ricci, M. ^{[19
]}

Ricciarini, S. B. ^{[7
]}

Savino, U. ^{[4
,5
]}

Sahnoun, Z. ^{[10
]}

Scotti, V. ^{[6
,15
]}

Sotgiu, A. ^{[1
]}

Sparvoli, R. ^{[1
,18
]}

Ubertini, P. ^{[12
]}

机构：

[1] INFN Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Via Ric Sci 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[2] INFN TIFPA, V Sommar 14, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy

[3] Univ Trento, V Sommar 14, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy

[4] INFN Sez Torino, Via P Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy

[5] Univ Torino, Via P Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy

[6] INFN Sez Napoli, V Cintia, I-80126 Naples, Italy

[7] IFAC CNR, V Madonna Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy

[8] Uninettuno Univ, Cso V Emanuele II 39, I-00186 Rome, Italy

[9] Univ Bologna, Vle Berti Pichat 6-2, Bologna, Italy

[10] INFN Sez Bologna, Vle Berti Pichat 6-2, Bologna, Italy

[11] Fdn Bruno Kessler, V Sommar 18, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy

[12] INAF IAPS, V Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[13] INFN Sez Trieste, Galleria Padriciano 99, I-34149 Trieste, Italy

[14] Italian Space Agcy, V Politecn, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[15] Univ Napoli Federico II, V Cintia, I-80126 Naples, Italy

[16] INFN Sez Firenze, V Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy

[17] INFN Sez Napoli, I-80126 Naples, Italy

[18] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Via Ric Sci 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[19] INFN LNF, V E Fermi 54, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy

[20] Shandong Inst Adv Technol SDIAT, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China

[21] North West Univ, Ctr Space Res, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa

[22] Christian Albrechts Univ Kiel, Inst Expt & Appl Phys, D-24118 Kiel, Germany

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS | 2023年 / 945卷 / 02期

关键词：

PAMELA EXPERIMENT; HELIOSPHERIC MODULATION; HELIUM NUCLEI; MINIMUM; MAXIMUM; INTENSITY; FLUX; SPECTRA; ORIGIN; AMS-02;

D O I：

10.3847/2041-8213/acbea7

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Time-dependent energy spectra of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) carry crucial information regarding their origin and propagation throughout the interstellar environment. When observed at the Earth, after traversing the interplanetary medium, such spectra are heavily affected by the solar wind and the embedded solar magnetic field permeating the inner sectors of the heliosphere. The activity of the Sun changes significantly over an 11 yr solar cycle-and so does the effect on cosmic particles; this translates into a phenomenon called solar modulation. Moreover, GCR spectra during different epochs of solar activity provide invaluable information for a complete understanding of the plethora of mechanisms taking place in various layers of the Sun's atmosphere and how they evolve over time. The High-Energy Particle Detector (HEPD-01) has been continuously collecting data since 2018 August, during the quiet phase between solar cycles 24 and 25; the activity of the Sun is slowly but steadily rising and is expected to peak around 2025/2026. In this paper, we present the first spectra for similar to 50-250 MeV galactic protons measured by the HEPD-01 instrument-placed on board the CSES-01 satellite-from 2018 August to 2022 March over a one-Carrington-rotation time basis. Such data are compared to the ones from other spaceborne experiments, present (e.g., EPHIN, Parker Solar Probe) and past (PAMELA), and to a state-of-the-art three-dimensional model describing the GCRs propagation through the heliosphere.

引用

页数：8

共 8 条

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Bartocci, S.
Battiston, R.
Burger, W. J.
Campana, D.
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Contin, A.
De Donato, C.
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Follega, F. M.
Iuppa, R.
Lazzizzera, I.
Marcelli, N.
Martucci, M.
Masciantonio, G.
Merge, M.
Osteria, G.
Palma, F.
Palmonari, F.
Parmentier, A.
Perfetto, F.
Picozza, P.
Piersanti, M.
Pozzato, M.
Rashevskaya, I.
Ricci, E.
Ricci, M.
Ricciarini, S.
Scotti, V.
Sotgiu, A.
Sparvoli, R.
Ubertini, P.
Vitale, V.
Zoffoli, S.
Zuccon, P.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2020, 901 (01):
[2] Galactic cosmic-ray hydrogen spectra in the 40-300 MeV range measured by the High-energy Particle Detector (HEPD) on board the CSES-01 satellite during the current solar minimum
Martucci, Matteo
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[3] The electronics of the High-Energy Particle Detector on board the CSES-01 satellite
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Sparvoli, R.
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Zuccon, P.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2021, 1013
[4] Preliminary results for helium flux measured by the High-Energy Particle Detector (HEPD-01) on board the CSES-01 satellite
Panico, Beatrice
Sotgiu, Alessandro
12TH COSMIC RAY INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR - CRIS 2022, 2023, 2429
[5] The August 2018 Geomagnetic Storm Observed by the High-Energy Particle Detector on Board the CSES-01 Satellite
Palma, Francesco
Sotgiu, Alessandro
Parmentier, Alexandra
Martucci, Matteo
Piersanti, Mirko
Bartocci, Simona
Battiston, Roberto
Burger, William Jerome
Campana, Donatella
Carfora, Luca
Castellini, Guido
Conti, Livio
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D'Angelo, Giulia
Donato, Cinzia De De
Santis, Cristian De De
Follega, Francesco Maria
Iuppa, Roberto
Lazzizzera, Ignazio
Marcelli, Nadir
Masciantonio, Giuseppe
Merge, Matteo
Oliva, Alberto
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Palmonari, Federico
Panico, Beatrice
Perfetto, Francesco
Picozza, Piergiorgio
Pozzato, Michele
Ricci, Ester
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Ricciarini, Sergio Bruno
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Scotti, Valentina
Sparvoli, Roberta
Vitale, Vincenzo
Zoffoli, Simona
Zuccon, Paolo
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL, 2021, 11 (12):
[6] The First Ground-Level Enhancement of Solar Cycle 25 as Seen by the High-Energy Particle Detector (HEPD-01) on Board the CSES-01 Satellite
Martucci, Matteo
Laurenza, Monica
Benella, Simone
Berrilli, Francesco
Del Moro, Dario
Giovannelli, Luca
Parmentier, Alexandra
Piersanti, Mirko
Albrecht, Gabor
Bartocci, Simona
Battiston, Roberto
Burger, William J.
Campana, Donatella
Carfora, Luca
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De Donato, Cinzia
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Marcelli, Nadir
Masciantonio, Giuseppe
Merge, Matteo
Mese, Marco
Oliva, Alberto
Osteria, Giuseppe
Palma, Francesco
Panico, Beatrice
Perfetto, Francesco
Picozza, Piergiorgio
Pozzato, Michele
Ricci, Ester
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Ricciarini, Sergio Bruno
Sahnoun, Zouleikha
Scotti, Valentina
Sotgiu, Alessandro
Sparvoli, Roberta
Vitale, Vincenzo
Zoffoli, Simona
Zuccon, Paolo
SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS, 2023, 21 (01):
[7] The High-Energy Particle Detector (HEPD-01) as a space weather monitoring instrument on board the CSES-01 satellite
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[8] Proton fluxes inside the South Atlantic Anomaly measured by the High-Energy Particle Detector (HEPD) on board the CSES-01 satellite during the 2018-2021 period
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