Strengthening Fenton-like reactions to improve lignocellulosic degradation performance by increasing lignocellulolytic enzyme core microbes during rice straw composting

This study aimed to explore the effect of Fenton-like reactions on lignocellulosic degradation performance and identify their driving factors during composting. Rice straw was pretreated by inoculating Aspergillus fumigatus Z1 and then adding Fe (II), which resulted in Fenton-like reactions. The treatment groups included CK (control), Fe (addition of Fe (II)), Z1 (inoculation of A. fumigatus Z1), and Fe + Z1 (inoculation of A. fumigatus Z1 and addition of Fe (II)). The results suggested that Fenton-like reactions can produce lignocellulolytic enzymes and degrade lignocellulose, due to the variation in microbial community composition and diversity. In addition, functional modular microbes were identified by network analysis, which can produce endoglucanase and xylanase. Regarding ligninase, bacteria were more favorable for producing manganese peroxidase, and fungi were more favorable for producing laccase. Additionally, reducing sugars, organic matter, total nitrogen and amino acids were key microhabitat factors of functional modular bacteria, while organic matter, reducing sugars, amino acids and C/N were key microhabitat factors of functional modular fungi, thereby promoting the degradation of lignocellulose. This study provides technical support for lignocellulosic degradation based on Fenton-like reactions.