Glucose and lipid metabolism indexes and blood inflammatory biomarkers of patients with severe periodontitis: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundTo investigate the relation of established glucose and lipid metabolism indexes and blood inflammatory biomarkers with severe periodontitis in systemically healthy patients. MethodsSystemically healthy Stage III/IV periodontitis patients (case group) (n = 397), Stage II periodontitis patients (n = 36), and periodontally healthy subjects (control group) (n = 285) were recruited. A periodontal examination, complete blood cell examination, and blood biochemical examination were conducted for all participants. Full-mouth apical films were taken for the case group. Both the case and control groups were divided by age into younger (<= 35 years) and elder subjects. Multiple logistic regression analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were conducted. A logistic least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) model was constructed for the younger subgroups. ResultsVarious glucose and lipid metabolism indexes and blood inflammatory biomarkers significantly differed between severe periodontitis patients and healthy controls, and the younger subgroups presented a greater degree of statistical differences than the elder ones. More pairs of periodontal parameters and blood indexes with significantly fair linear correlations were found in the younger patient subgroup. A logistic LASSO regression model containing eight blood indexes to assess a severe periodontitis outcome in younger subgroups showed satisfactory predictive ability. ConclusionThe present study revealed various glucose and lipid metabolism indexes and blood inflammatory biomarkers significantly differ between severe periodontitis patients and healthy controls, especially in the younger subgroups. A LASSO regression model could be a viable option to assess severe periodontitis risk for younger patients.